Identify the type of email attack that exploits instant messaging platforms to spread spam.

The correct answer is spimming, which specifically refers to the use of instant messaging (IM) platforms to spread unsolicited messages, often in the form of spam. Spimming takes advantage of the instant communication features of platforms like chat services to distribute unwanted messages quickly and broadly, similar to how email spam operates but in a different medium.

Phishing involves deceptive tactics to trick individuals into providing sensitive information, primarily through emails, while spamming generally refers to the bulk sending of unsolicited messages, typically via email rather than instant messaging. Whaling is a targeted form of phishing that focuses on high-profile individuals, such as executives or leaders, making it distinct from spimming.

Spimming is recognized for its specific application to instant messaging, distinguishing it from these other types of attacks that have different methods or targets.