Which element of information security refers to the authenticity of communication or data?

The element of information security that refers to the authenticity of communication or data is authenticity. Authenticity ensures that information is genuine and from a legitimate source, thereby verifying the identity of the entities involved in communication. In information security, establishing authenticity often involves using methods like digital signatures or certificates, which validate that the data has not been tampered with and is indeed from the promised sender.

While other concepts such as integrity, confidentiality, and non-repudiation play important roles in information security, they each address different aspects. Integrity focuses on the accuracy and consistency of data over its lifecycle, ensuring it has not been altered in unauthorized ways. Confidentiality emphasizes protecting information from unauthorized access or disclosure. Non-repudiation ensures that a party in a communication cannot deny having sent a message, often relying on mechanisms that provide proof of the origin and delivery of data. Authenticity, however, is specifically concerned with confirming that the data or communication is genuine, making it the correct choice in this context.