Certified Incident Handler (CIH) Practice Ecam

Which of the following is not included in the CIA triad model?

1. Confidentiality

2. Integrity

3. Non-repudiation

4. Availability

The correct answer is: Non-repudiation

The CIA triad model comprises three fundamental principles of information security: Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability. Each of these elements plays a crucial role in safeguarding information and ensuring that it is secure and trustworthy. Confidentiality ensures that sensitive information is kept secret and accessible only to authorized individuals. Integrity guarantees that data remains accurate and unaltered, protecting it from unauthorized modification. Availability refers to the availability of information and systems when needed by authorized users. Non-repudiation, on the other hand, is not one of the primary components of the CIA triad. It refers to the assurance that someone cannot deny the validity of their signature on a document or the sending of a message. While non-repudiation is an important concept in security, especially in aspects like digital signatures and accountability, it does not fit within the core framework of the CIA triad, which focuses specifically on the primary pillars of information security.